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Mongolia

ABOUT MONGOLIA

When I think about Mongolia, I think their endless wide steppe, friendly peoples, untouched landscape, stars on sky near to hand, Chinggis Khaan, Tibetan Buddhism, horses, camels
… /from “Mongolei Online”/
Mongolia, it is more animals as people, more sky as earth, where the sky touches the earth. You discover this land, when you breathe their landscape. Manfred Mueller /traveler/
Welcome to Mongolia, a land of pristine nature and culture. We invite you to share and discover with us in the fresh air this unique and picturesque land, the exotic nomadic lifestyle and their rich and ancient cultural heritage, vast steppes with magnificent and wonderful landscape, the habitat of wild animals such as wild horse Takhi, wild sheep Argali, wild coat Ibex, wild ass Khulan and wild camel Khavtgai
The travelers are sure to visit hospitable Ger of the livestock breeders and taste the well known airag, fermented mare's milk. At all the tourist camps guests can experience life in a Ger-hotel,
a traditional Mongolian felt dwelling, and visit local cattle breeder's family.

MONGOLIA IN BRIEF
Mongolia is located in the Central Asia, land-locked country, with a total area 1565000 sq. Km and with 2,9 mio Population. The capital city Ulaanbaatar has more than 1 mio. Inhabitants.
Economy: Traditionally based on agriculture, livestock breeding, mining (coal, copper, gold)
Government: Parliamentary with a president elected every 4 years
Mongolia is whole on mountainous plateau with an average altitude of 1580 meters above the sea level. The highest point is the peak Nairamdal in the Altai mountains to the west, which reaches 4374 meters and the lowest point is the basin of Khokh lake to the east which lies at an altitude of 560 meters above the sea level.

POPULATION AND RELIGION
The total population is approximately 2,9 million, more than half lives in the urban areas. Children and youth under 35 years make up 70 percent of the population and the average age is 21 year.
Only about 40 % of the population still live the nomadic lifestyle. These nomadic families tend to more than 37 mio. Livestock. The majority of the population are Khalkha Mongols, with ethnic minority such as Kazakh, Durvud, Bayud and Buryat Mongols and other minority groups.
Languages
Mongolian is the official language and belongs to Altai language group. Kazakh is spoken by 5 percent of the population. Many Mongolian dialects are spoken on spots. English, German and Russian are more popular foreign languages in Mongolia.

CULTURE
Mongolian Script: Mongolian is written in Cyrillic since 1942, with two additional letters, but the traditional Mongolian script, which is written from the top downwards is gradually reappearing, mainly in sign and logos. National song: The Mongolian drawl singing is the most popular traditional folk song of nomadic Mongolians and one of the richest and most treasured Mongolian arts. When you listen to the drawl singing, the Mongolian vast steppes should been have imprinted on your memory.

HISTORY
Ancient Mongolia
1000 000 -750 000 BC Ancient culture archeological finding
500 -100 BC Hunnu Mongolian Empire
200 BC Hunnu Mongolian reaches Yellow river in China
Tian Shan in the west, Korea in the east and from Great wall to Baikal sea
98 AD Nunnu Mongolian collapsed
250 AD - 402 Sumbe Mongolian State